Combat Archer: U.S. Air Force conducts largest combat readiness exercise in Europe at RAF Lakenheath

By Defence Industry Europe

The United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) is carrying out its largest air-to-air combat readiness exercise in Europe at Royal Air Force Lakenheath in the United Kingdom. Known as Combat Archer, this Weapons System Evaluation Program (WSEP) tests the full spectrum of combat operations for the 555th Fighter Squadron, based at Aviano Air Base, Italy.
U.S. Air Force Capt. Paul Dudunakis, 555th Fighter Squadron pilot, readies an F-16 Fighting Falcon before takeoff during Combat Archer UK at RAF Lakenheath, England, April 9, 2025. Pilots from the 555th Fighter Squadron launched numerous sorties to test and evaluate multiple areas of operations, from missile employment to aerial gunnery. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Zachary Jakel).

The United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) is carrying out its largest air-to-air combat readiness exercise in Europe at Royal Air Force Lakenheath in the United Kingdom. Known as Combat Archer, this Weapons System Evaluation Program (WSEP) tests the full spectrum of combat operations for the 555th Fighter Squadron, based at Aviano Air Base, Italy.

 

This comprehensive exercise evaluates every phase of the “kill chain” — from weapons storage and loading to aircraft system performance and aircrew execution. “This approach enables a full evaluation of the weapon system from start to finish,” said General James B. Hecker, Commander of USAFE-AFAFRICA.

The 555th Fighter Squadron, also known as the “Triple Nickel,” is participating with 21 F-16 aircraft, providing combat airpower support for both U.S. and NATO commanders. By simulating realistic combat scenarios, the exercise aims to enhance operational effectiveness and ensure aircrews are fully prepared for real-world missions.

 

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Combat Archer is also being used to validate new tactics and technologies in a controlled environment. “It will look at how we store and move weapons. How our munitions professionals build and load them on aircraft. How the jet and its systems perform. How the pilots adhere to procedures,” Hecker added.

This year’s evaluation includes live testing of munitions such as the AGR-20 FALCO laser-guided rocket, designed to counter one-way drone threats. To support this, USAFE is using a military training range in Wales to assess weapon accuracy and address any technical issues.

 

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The decision to host the exercise in Europe brings both strategic and financial benefits for the U.S. Air Force. “Holding the exercise in the European area of responsibility provides significant strategic advantages, reducing the need for transatlantic aircraft movements and resulting in substantial cost savings,” Hecker explained.

In the U.S., similar evaluations are conducted at Tyndall Air Force Base in Florida and Hill Air Force Base in Utah, which are equipped with the required missile testing telemetry. However, conducting WSEP in Europe allows for greater logistical efficiency while maintaining high evaluation standards.

 

Source: U.S. Air Force in Europe (USAFE).

 

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