Canada, with the world’s longest coastline, faces increasing threats in the Arctic due to climate change and heightened foreign interest. The region is warming at four times the global average, opening the Northwest Passage and making the Arctic more accessible. As outlined in the defence policy update “Our North, Strong and Free,” foreign actors are exploiting this vulnerability, with Russian submarines and Chinese underwater fleets probing Canada’s maritime boundaries.
To counter these threats, Canada’s new submarine fleet will feature enhanced stealth, lethality, persistence, and Arctic deployability. These submarines will enable the Royal Canadian Navy to detect and deter threats across the Atlantic, Arctic, and Pacific Oceans. The modern fleet will replace the aging Victoria-class submarines, which are becoming increasingly obsolete and costly to maintain.
Minister Blair emphasized the strategic importance of this acquisition: “As the country with the longest coastline in the world, Canada needs a new fleet of submarines. This new fleet will enable Canada to protect its sovereignty in a changing world and make valuable contributions to the security of our partners and NATO Allies.”
The CPSP marks the first step in a comprehensive plan to renew and expand Canada’s naval capabilities. The Department of National Defence is currently engaging with manufacturers and potential partners, with a formal Request for Information (RFI) set for release in fall 2024. This RFI will explore procurement, construction, delivery, and operational capabilities, aiming to establish a submarine sustainment capability within Canada.
Key requirements for the new submarines include extended range, endurance, and the ability to operate covertly in Arctic conditions. The project reflects Canada’s commitment to a robust national defence strategy, with significant investments in various military capabilities outlined in “Our North, Strong and Free.” These investments total $8.1 billion over five years and $73 billion over 20 years.
